Oil is facing unprecedented challenges as the decade begins. Confronted by inevitable financial decline; the increased importance of Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance (ESG) for asset managers and investment funds; and the growing risk of climate-related litigation. The big players will have to respond to these challenges creatively and consolidate their positions at the forefront of energy production. However, Big Tech promises to be a crucial rival in yet another industry, meaning the situation may look very different in the next decade.